{
  "_id": "6a16c53cacfb0bcc41d88663",
  "Package": "productivity",
  "Version": "1.1.0",
  "Date": "2018-03-28",
  "Title": "Indices of Productivity Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)",
  "Authors@R": "c(\nperson(\"K Hervé\", \"Dakpo\", role = \"aut\"),\nperson(\"Yann\", \"Desjeux\", , \"yann.desjeux@inra.fr\", role = c(\"aut\",\"cre\")),\nperson(\"Laure\", \"Latruffe\", role = \"aut\"))",
  "Maintainer": "Yann Desjeux <yann.desjeux@inra.fr>",
  "Description": "Levels and changes of productivity and profitability are\nmeasured with various indices. The package contains the\nmultiplicatively complete Färe-Primont, Fisher,\nHicks-Moorsteen, Laspeyres, Lowe, and Paasche indices, as well\nas the classic Malmquist productivity index. Färe-Primont and\nLowe indices verify the transitivity property and can therefore\nbe used for multilateral or multitemporal comparison. Fisher,\nHicks-Moorsteen, Laspeyres, Malmquist, and Paasche indices are\nnot transitive and are only to be used for binary comparison.\nAll indices can also be decomposed into different components,\nproviding insightful information on the sources of productivity\nand profitability changes. In the use of Malmquist productivity\nindex, the technological change index can be further decomposed\ninto bias technological change components. The package also\nallows to prohibit technological regression (negative\ntechnological change). In the case of the Fisher,\nHicks-Moorsteen, Laspeyres, Paasche and the transitive\nFäre-Primont and Lowe indices, it is furthermore possible to\nrule out technological change. Deflated shadow prices can also\nbe obtained. Besides, the package allows parallel computing as\nan option, depending on the user's computer configuration. All\ncomputations are carried out with the nonparametric Data\nEnvelopment Analysis (DEA), and several assumptions regarding\nreturns to scale are available. All DEA linear programs are\nimplemented using 'lp_solve'.",
  "BugReports": "https://r-forge.r-project.org/tracker/?group_id=2245",
  "License": "GPL-3",
  "Encoding": "UTF-8",
  "LazyData": "true",
  "NeedsCompilation": "no",
  "Packaged": {
    "Date": "2026-05-27 10:16:33 UTC",
    "User": "root"
  },
  "Author": "K Hervé Dakpo [aut], Yann Desjeux [aut, cre], Laure Latruffe\n[aut]",
  "Repository": "https://ydesjeux.r-universe.dev",
  "Date/Publication": "2018-03-28 07:59:06 UTC",
  "RemoteUrl": "https://github.com/cran/productivity",
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  "_created": "2026-05-27T10:16:33.000Z",
  "_published": "2026-05-27T10:19:40.748Z",
  "_distro": "noble",
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    "author": "Yann Desjeux <yann.desjeux@inra.fr>",
    "committer": "cran-robot <csardi.gabor+cran@gmail.com>",
    "message": "version 1.1.0\n",
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  "_maintainer": {
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    "login": "ydesjeux",
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      "role": "Imports"
    },
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      "role": "Imports"
    }
  ],
  "_owner": "cran",
  "_selfowned": true,
  "_usedby": 0,
  "_updates": [],
  "_tags": [],
  "_stars": 0,
  "_contributors": [
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    "source": "https://cranlogs.r-pkg.org/downloads/total/last-month/productivity"
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  "_rbuild": "4.6.0",
  "_assets": [
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    "extra/citation.html",
    "extra/citation.json",
    "extra/citation.txt",
    "extra/contents.json",
    "extra/NEWS.html",
    "extra/NEWS.txt",
    "extra/productivity.html",
    "manual.pdf"
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  "_realowner": "ydesjeux",
  "_cranurl": false,
  "_releases": [
    {
      "version": "0.1.0",
      "date": "2016-11-14"
    },
    {
      "version": "0.2.0",
      "date": "2017-05-11"
    },
    {
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      "date": "2017-07-20"
    },
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  "_exports": [
    "Changes",
    "fareprim",
    "fisher",
    "hicksmoorsteen",
    "laspeyres",
    "Levels",
    "lowe",
    "malm",
    "paasche",
    "Shadowp"
  ],
  "_datasets": [
    {
      "name": "usagri",
      "title": "Price indices and implicit quantities of USA farm outputs and inputs by State, 1995-2004",
      "object": "usagri",
      "class": [
        "data.frame"
      ],
      "fields": [
        "States",
        "States.num",
        "Years",
        "q.livestock",
        "q.crop",
        "q.other",
        "q.capital",
        "q.land",
        "q.labor",
        "q.materials",
        "p.livestock",
        "p.crop",
        "p.other",
        "p.capital",
        "p.land",
        "p.labor",
        "p.materials"
      ],
      "rows": 480,
      "table": true,
      "tojson": true
    }
  ],
  "_help": [
    {
      "page": "Changes",
      "title": "Productivity and profitability change indices",
      "topics": [
        "Changes"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "fareprim",
      "title": "Färe-Primont productivity and profitability index",
      "topics": [
        "fareprim",
        "print.FarePrimont"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "fisher",
      "title": "Fisher productivity and profitability index",
      "topics": [
        "fisher",
        "print.Fisher"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "hicksmoorsteen",
      "title": "Hicks-Moorsteen productivity and profitability index",
      "topics": [
        "hicksmoorsteen",
        "print.HicksMoorsteen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "laspeyres",
      "title": "Laspeyres productivity and profitability index",
      "topics": [
        "laspeyres",
        "print.Laspeyres"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "Levels",
      "title": "Productivity and profitability levels",
      "topics": [
        "Levels"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "lowe",
      "title": "Lowe productivity and profitability index",
      "topics": [
        "lowe",
        "print.Lowe"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "malm",
      "title": "Malmquist productivity index",
      "topics": [
        "malm",
        "print.Malmquist"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "paasche",
      "title": "Paasche productivity and profitability index",
      "topics": [
        "paasche",
        "print.Paasche"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "Shadowp",
      "title": "Shadow prices used in productivity and profitability computations",
      "topics": [
        "Shadowp"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "usagri",
      "title": "Price indices and implicit quantities of USA farm outputs and inputs by State, 1995-2004",
      "topics": [
        "usagri"
      ]
    }
  ],
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